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ASTM F543-2007 金属医疗骨螺钉的标准规范和试验方法

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【英文标准名称】:StandardSpecificationandTestMethodsforMetallicMedicalBoneScrews
【原文标准名称】:金属医疗骨螺钉的标准规范和试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMF543-2007
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2007
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:F04.21
【标准类型】:(Specification)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:骨螺钉;医疗设备;医学科学;螺钉;规范(验收)
【英文主题词】:bonescrew;dimensions;insertion;performancerequirements;pullout;static;testmethods;torsion
【摘要】:1.1Thisspecificationprovidesrequirementsformaterials,finishandmarking,careandhandling,andtheacceptabledimensionsandtolerancesformetallicbonescrewsthatareimplantedintobone.Thedimensionsandtolerancesinthisspecificationareapplicableonlytometallicbonescrewsdescribedinthisspecification.1.2Thisspecificationprovidesperformanceconsiderationsandstandardtestmethodsformeasuringmechanicalpropertiesintorsionofmetallicbonescrewsthatareimplantedintobone.Thesetestmethodsmayalsobeapplicabletootherscrewsbesidesthosewhosedimensionsandtolerancesarespecifiedhere.Thefollowingannexesareincluded:1.2.1AnnexA1-TestMethodforDeterminingtheTorsionalPropertiesofMetallicBoneScrews.1.2.2AnnexA2-TestMethodforDrivingTorqueofMedicalBoneScrews.1.2.3AnnexA3-TestMethodforDeterminingtheAxialPulloutStrengthofMedicalBoneScrews.1.2.4AnnexA4-TestMethodforDeterminingtheSelf-TappingPerformanceofSelf-TappingMedicalBoneScrews.1.2.5AnnexA5-SpecificationsforTypeHAandTypeHBMetallicBoneScrews.1.2.6AnnexA6-SpecificationsforTypeHCandTypeHDMetallicBoneScrews.1.2.7AnnexA7-SpecificationsforMetallicBoneScrewDriveConnections.1.3Thisspecificationisbased,inpart,uponISO5835,ISO6475,andISO9268.1.4Unlessotherwiseindicated,thevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasstandard.Thevaluesinparenthesesaregivenforinformationonly.Thisstandardmayinvolvetheuseofhazardousmaterials,operations,andequipment.Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.1.5Thisannexspecifiestherequirementsforavarietyofdriveconnectionsthatcanbeimplementedinmetallicmedicalbonescrews.Thescrew'sdriveconnectionsuppliestheinterconnectionthatistypicallyusedinorthopedicsurgeryforinsertingandremovingbonescrews.
【中国标准分类号】:C35
【国际标准分类号】:11_040_40
【页数】:20P.;A4
【正文语种】:


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【英文标准名称】:Fireresistancetests.Guidanceontheapplicationandextensionofresults
【原文标准名称】:防火试验.试验结果的应用和扩展指南
【标准号】:BSISO/TR12470-1998
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:英国
【发布日期】:1998-10-15
【实施或试行日期】:1998-10-15
【发布单位】:英国标准学会(GB-BSI)
【起草单位】:BSI
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:顶棚;电气工程;电工产品;外插;着火危险试验;耐火性;火险;建筑物防火;燃烧试验;楼板;指导手册;承重墙;密封件;吊顶;试验结果;测试;墙;水含量的测定
【英文主题词】:Ceilings;Electricalengineering;Electrotechnicalproducts;Extrapolation;Firehazardtest;Fireresistance;Firerisks;Firesafetyinbuildings;Firetests;Floors;Guidebooks;Loadbearingwalls;Seals;Suspendedceilings;Testresults;Testing;Walls;Watercontentdetermination
【摘要】:Directandextendedapplicationsoftestresultsarethetwopossiblewaystoensurethatamodifiedelementwillhaveagoodpossibilityofobtainingthesamefireratingasthatoftheoriginaltestedspecimen.Inbothcasestheseapplicationsreferonlytothefireratingthatthebuildingelementcanexpecttoreachifitweretobetestedinafurnaceaccordingtothestandardfireusedforthereferencetest.Foreachtypeofelementofconstruction,theapplicationoftestresultswillbeconsideredundertwosub-headings.a)Directapplication:thissectionidentifiesthemodificationsthatcanbemadetothedesignofthetestedelementwithoutreducingitsfirerating.Thesepossiblemodificationsarebasedonobviousknowledgeanddonotneedfurtherevaluation.Ineverycaseitis,atleast,assumedthatthebasicmaterialsusedforthetestedsamplewillnotbechanged.Theresultsobtainedfromtestsperformedusingstandardconfigurationsarevalidforthefieldofapplicationderivedfromthatconfiguration,regardlessofanyspecificadvicegiveninthefollowingchapters.b)Extendedapplication:thiswillrequireineverycaseanassessmentbyafireexperteitherindevelopingrulesofapplicationorevaluatingtheresultsoffireengineeringcalculationsormakingajudgement.Ineverycaseitwillbetakenintoconsiderationthatextendedapplicationmaytakeintoaccountthedifferencebetweentheresultoftheoriginaltestandthefireresistancerequiredfortheuntestedelement.Ajudgementistheresultofaqualitativeprocess,normallycarriedoutbyexperts.Judgementsareusedtojustifyachangeofdesignormethodofconstructionwhichmayuse,forexample,empiricaldataderivedfromtests,establishedphysicalproperties,hotandcoldstatecalculations,aknowledgeoffireexposure,firebehaviourandresponseoftheconstruction,eitherinisolationorincombination.1)Rulesofapplication:thesewouldbeapplieduniversallyevenbypersonswithoutexpertiseinfireaspartofthe"fieldofapplication"ofthetestresultforagivenfamilyofproducts.Theserulesmayrequirecoldstatecalculation.Thequantificationoftheseruleswouldbeagreeduniversallybaseduponvalidatedexperiencerelatedtogenericconstructionsorcomponents.Thiscouldcoversizechanges,numberofjoints,sizeofglazingetc.ThroughoutthisTechnicalReporttheclausescoveringrulesfrequentlyexpresstheacceptablechangeintermsofun-quantifiedpercentagesindicatedbytheletter"X"andanappropriatesuffix.Thisallowsnationalcodeauthoritiestoinserttheirownacceptablelimitswhichwillrelatetotheirestablishedfiresafetyphilosophy.Authoritiesareencouragedtosupportthenecessaryresearchtowardsinternationallyharmonizedvalidatedvalue.2)Fireengineeringcalculations:thesewouldbeusedbyanexpertingivingadvicebutwillmainlyberestrictedtothepropertiesindicatedbelow:·non-loadedelements:thiswouldberestrictedtothecalculationoftemperatureriseanddeflectionof"simple"componentsandelements;·loadedelement:inadditiontothepropertiespermittedfornon-loadedelements,calculationatelevatedtemperaturecouldbepermittedfortheload-bearingcapacityforwell-documentedmaterials(steel,concrete,etc.)andforstaticallydeterminedelements.Ineverycasethecalculationmodelsusedbytheexperts,whatevertheirsource(purchasedfromsoftwaremanufacturersordevelopedintheinstitution)havetobefullyvalidatedbycomparisonwithexistingtestresultsandbysensitivityanalysisofthevariousparameters.3)judgements:foratestresulttobeextrapolatedtocoverchangesoutsidethoseforwhichcalculationsorwrittenrulesareapplicable,theresultmaystillapplysubjecttosomeexpertjudgementbeingmade.Thesectiononjudgementshighlightsthemattersthatneedtobeconsideredandtobeexplainedbytheb
【中国标准分类号】:P16
【国际标准分类号】:13_220_50
【页数】:70P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语


基本信息
标准名称:厢式车辆通用件 车窗
中标分类:
ICS分类: 道路车辆工程 >> 道路车辆装置 >> 车身及车身附件
发布日期:1988-02-21
实施日期:1988-10-01
首发日期:
作废日期:
出版日期:
页数:9页
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所属分类: 道路车辆工程 道路车辆装置 车身及车身附件